C / C++ - libraries, tips, tricks and gotchas

Data access for C and C++

Unit Testing in C++

Formatting I/O using IOSTREAMS

#include <iostream> //cout,cint,etc
#include <iomanip> // setwidth,setfill,setprecision,etc
#include <sstream> // ostringstream
 
using namespace std;
 
int main()
{
    unsigned int number=47;
    cout << "Setting field width is simple.\n";
    cout << "For each variable, simply precede it with setw(n)"<<endl;
    cout << setfill('0') << setw(3) << number << " this results in 047"<<endl;
    cout << setiosflags(ios::right);
    cout << resetiosflags(ios::left);
    double x = 800000.0/81.0;
    cout << setprecision(2) << x;
    cout << x << " in base 8 is \"" << oct << x << "\""
         << " and in base 16 is \"" << hex << x << "\"" << endl;
 
    ostringstream msg;
    msg << "Format output to a string!" << setfill('0') << setw(3) << x  << ends;
    std::string output=msg.str();
    return 0;
}

Static Class Constants

class Car
{
public:
    static const int NUMDOORS; //definition
    static const std::string MSG; //non-integral type; must be defined outside the class body
};
 
// then inside the cpp file.
const int Car::NUMDOORS=4;
const std::string Car::MSG= "hello";

STL Information

STL maps

// Include this for map defines.
#include <map>
 
// Define a map.
std::multimap<double /*distance*/, CityPointer* city, std::greater<double> /* order as descending */> cityList;
// You can also order in ascending by using the less<> comparator.
 
// Inserting is a little strange because you've got to use a pair.
cityList.insert(pair<double, CityPointer*>(distance, city));
 
// Return location of first element that is not less than 100
  i = cityList.lower_bound(100);
  cout << "lower bound:\n";
  cout << ( *i ).first << " -> " << ( *i ).second << "\n";
 
// Return location of first element that is greater than 100
  i = cityList.upper_bound( 100 );
  cout << "upper bound:\n";
  cout << ( *i ).first << " -> " << ( *i ).second << "\n";

Standard include paths

Code modeling

Static analysis

Managed C++/CLI

LLVM Clang